| 1 | Introduction to smart irrigation systems: scope and importance | [1] p. 1–10 |
| 2 | Soil–plant–water relationship and determination of irrigation needs | [1] p. 11–26 |
| 3 | Conventional irrigation methods and their limitations | [1] p. 27–40 |
| 4 | Sensors used in smart irrigation systems (moisture, temperature, pH, etc.) | [1] p. 41–65 |
| 5 | Microcontroller-based control systems | [1] p. 66–83 |
| 6 | Communication technologies: IoT, LoRa, Zigbee, GSM | [1] p. 84–105 |
| 7 | Data collection, logging, and analysis methods | [1] p. 106–123 |
| 8 | Irrigation automation: software and hardware integration | [1] p. 124–145 |
| 9 | Remote monitoring systems and mobile applications | [1] p. 146–162 |
| 10 | Applicability of smart irrigation systems in agriculture | [1] p. 163–178 |
| 11 | Principles of water management and sustainability | [1] p. 179–192 |
| 12 | Environmental and economic impacts of smart irrigation | [1] p. 193–205 |
| 13 | Case studies and real-world project analysis | [1] p. 206–224 |
| 14 | Student project presentations and final evaluation | [1] p. 225–230 |