| 1 | Understanding Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise: Students will be able to explain the metabolic changes that occur during exercise, including energy production pathways and the utilization of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. They will understand the principles of energy balance and metabolism regulation during different types of physical activity. |
| 2 | Knowledge of Thermoregulation Mechanisms: Students will be able to describe the body's thermoregulatory responses to exercise and the mechanisms involved in maintaining body temperature. They will understand how environmental factors influence thermoregulation and fluid-electrolyte balance during exercise. |
| 3 | Understanding Musculoskeletal Physiology: Students will gain knowledge about muscle types, muscle contraction mechanisms, and energy metabolism in skeletal muscles. They will be able to explain muscle adaptations to acute and chronic exercise, including strength, endurance, and hypertrophy. |
| 4 | Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise: Students will understand the structure and function of the circulatory system, focusing on blood flow regulation and cardiac output during exercise. They will be able to interpret electrocardiogram (ECG) readings and explain cardiovascular adaptations to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise. |
| 5 | Respiratory System Responses to Exercise: Students will learn about the regulation of respiration during exercise, including gas exchange, oxygen consumption (VO² max), and respiratory volumes. They will understand the impact of endurance training on respiratory efficiency and the mechanisms of respiratory adaptation. |
| 6 | Hormonal Responses and Endocrine Adaptations: Students will understand the role of stress hormones such as cortisol, adrenaline, insulin, and growth hormone during exercise. They will be able to explain how endocrine responses contribute to metabolic regulation and performance during prolonged physical activity. |
| 7 | Understanding Blood and Immune System Responses: Students will learn about blood parameters, buffering systems, and the impact of exercise on immune function. They will understand the interactions between the immune system and exercise, including inflammation and recovery processes. |
| 8 | Nutritional Requirements for Exercise: Students will be able to explain the nutritional needs during exercise, including macronutrient and micronutrient requirements. They will learn how to design nutrition plans to optimize performance and recovery based on the type and intensity of exercise. |
| 9 | Environmental Factors and Circadian Rhythm in Exercise: Students will understand the impact of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and altitude on exercise performance. They will learn how circadian rhythms influence energy metabolism, hormonal responses, and physical performance. |
| 10 | Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Physiology: Students will gain practical skills in performance measurement, including VO² max, lactate threshold, and anaerobic capacity assessments. They will be able to conduct and interpret exercise tests, assess fitness levels, and design personalized exercise programs based on test results. |
| 11 | Understanding Fatigue Mechanisms and Recovery: Students will learn about the physiological mechanisms of fatigue during prolonged or high-intensity exercise. They will be able to propose strategies for recovery and performance enhancement through training and nutrition. |
| 12 | Clinical Applications and Chronic Disease Management: Students will understand how regular physical activity can prevent and manage chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity. They will be able to design exercise programs tailored to individuals with specific health conditions, ensuring safety and efficacy. |